Analysing human societies as complex systems can provide an insight into historical processes and the strengths and weaknesses of capitalism. Complex systems theory is a scientific theory coming out ...

Many theories are rock-solid: Scientists have just as much confidence in the theories of relativity, quantum mechanics, ...

Ever been spammed by bot content when you’re trying to browse news stories on X, or stumbled across creepy AI-generated photos‘ on Facebook that lack context but still have thousands of likes? If so, ...

“Does the flap of a butterfly’s wings in Brazil set off a tornado in Texas?” Might sound like the type of question posed by science fiction explorers to reveal the precarity of time travel, but in ...

Sam Altman, whose company developed ChatGPT, one of the most widely adopted artificial intelligence systems, had earlier not ...

Field theory and the renormalization group (RG) offer a robust mathematical framework to decipher the complex phenomena emerging in disordered systems. At their core, these approaches model the ...