Graph neural networks (GNNs) have emerged as a powerful framework for analyzing and learning from structured data represented as graphs. GNNs operate directly on graphs, as opposed to conventional ...

The study of geodetic numbers in graph theory represents a compelling fusion of abstract mathematical ideas with practical applications across network analysis, computational optimisation, and ...

Numbers comprise a string of digits that are used to represent various quantities and amounts. Each number designates the size of some quantity that is either large or small. Numbers can be of ...