Your every breath serves as a reminder that the atmosphere of Earth is silently carrying out its function. Since air is always present and invisible, it’s easy to take it for granted, but one of the ...

The Great Oxygenation Event, which occurred around 2.4 billion years ago, was one of the biggest transformations of our planet. Before it, there was practically no oxygen in the atmosphere; after, ...

Climate refers to long-term weather and related natural events, including rainfall and storms. Over the billions of years of Earth’s existence, climate has changed significantly. It is affected by the ...